How to Migrate DigitalOcean Block Storage Volumes to Vultr Block Storage

Migrating Block Storage volumes allows you to securely move existing data from one instance to another. Vultr Block Storage supports regular SSD and NVME drives, providing you with multiple options to store your data. DigitalOcean Block Storage volumes are attached to Droplets, while Vultr Block Storage volumes are attached to Vultr Cloud Compute instances. You can use the attached instance to migrate existing volumes to Vultr Block Storage with a similar or larger volume size.

Follow this guide to migrate DigitalOcean Block Storage volumes to Vultr Block Storage with little or no downtime for your linked applications.

Prerequisites

Before you start, you need to:

• Have an existing Droplet to use for migration.
• Have an existing DigitalOcean Block Storage volume to migrate and attach it to your Droplet.

In a single Vultr location:

• Deploy a Vultr Block Storage volume to use as the destination volume with the same or larger size as your source volume.
• Deploy an Ubuntu Vultr Cloud Compute instance and attach your Vultr Block Storage volume.

Set Up the Migration Environment

Follow the steps below to set up the source DigitalOcean Droplet and verify that a block storage volume is attached to the instance. Then, set up the destination Vultr Cloud Compute instance and verify that a Vultr Block Storage volume is attached to migrate the source data.

Set Up the Source DigitalOcean Block Storage Volume

Follow the steps below to access your source DigitalOcean Droplet and verify the attached block storage volume information.

1. Access your DigitalOcean Droplet's management page and verify that your target block storage volume is attached.

   

2. Access your Droplet using SSH as a non-root user with sudo privileges.

   console Copy

   $ ssh user@droplet-ip-address
   

3. List all attached devices and verify the block storage volume name.

   console Copy

   $ lsblk
   

   Your output should be similar to the one below.

   NAME    MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
   loop0     7:0    0 63.9M  1 loop /snap/core20/2318
   loop1     7:1    0   87M  1 loop /snap/lxd/28373
   loop2     7:2    0 38.8M  1 loop /snap/snapd/21759
   sda       8:0    0   10G  0 disk /mnt/volume_nyc1_01
   vda     252:0    0   25G  0 disk 
   ├─vda1  252:1    0 24.9G  0 part /
   ├─vda14 252:14   0    4M  0 part 
   └─vda15 252:15   0  106M  0 part /boot/efi
   vdb     252:16   0  482K  1 disk 

   sda is the attached block storage volume mounted to the default /mnt/volume_nyc1_01 directory, and it's 10GB in size based on the above output. DigitalOcean volumes use the sd naming scheme and increment the device name for additional disks such as sdb, sdc, sdd, depending on the attached volume.

4. Create a new /mnt/source directory to mount the block storage volume if it's not mounted.

   console Copy

   $ sudo mkdir -p /mnt/source
   

5. Mount the /dev/sda volume to the /mnt/source directory.

   console Copy

   $ mount /dev/sda /mnt/source
   

6. List all attached block devices and the filesystem information.

   console Copy

   $ lsblk -f
   

   Your output should be similar to the one below.

   NAME    FSTYPE  FSVER LABEL           UUID                                 FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINTS
   sda     ext4    1.0                   0ac73034-11d4-4351-aac5-9cc11b7dfbe1    9.2G     0% /mnt/source
                                                                                            /mnt/volume_nyc1_01
   vda
   ├─vda1  ext4    1.0   cloudimg-rootfs 88dc15c6-7fee-4d93-ab61-4fc00c0180a7   21.3G     8% /
   ├─vda13 ext4    1.0   BOOT            237258cf-7101-4c8c-8067-89f9351dbd03  859.3M     6% /boot
   ├─vda14
   └─vda15 vfat    FAT32 UEFI            477B-AA8F                              98.2M     6% /boot/efi
   vdb     iso9660       config-2        2025-02-12-16-13-42-00

   ext4 is the active filesystem format for sda block storage volume mounted with two directories, /mnt/source and /mnt/volume_nyc1_01 based on the above output. Keep note of the volume's filesystem format to use on your destination Vultr Block Storage volume.

7. View the disk usage information and verify the volume's usage ratio.

   console Copy

   $ df -h
   

   Your output should be similar to the one below.

   Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
   tmpfs            96M 1008K   95M   2% /run
   /dev/vda1        25G  1.7G   23G   7% /
   tmpfs           479M     0  479M   0% /dev/shm
   tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
   /dev/vda15      105M  6.1M   99M   6% /boot/efi
   /dev/sda        9.8G   24K  9.3G   1% /mnt/source
   tmpfs            96M  4.0K   96M   1% /run/user/0

   The source /dev/sda block storage volume is mounted on the /mnt/source directory with a 1% usage based on the above output.

   Note

   If your DigitalOcean Block Storage volume has multiple partitions, verify the size of each partition and the filesystem format to apply on your destination Vultr Block Storage volume.

Set Up the Destination Vultr Block Storage Volume

Follow the steps below to set up the destination Vultr Block Storage volume and prepare it to transfer data from the source block storage volume.

1. Access your Vultr Block Storage volume's management page and verify that it's attached to your target Vultr Cloud Compute instance.

   

2. Access your Vultr Cloud Compute instance using SSH as a non-root sudo user. Replace Vultr-Server-IP with your actual instance's public IP address.

   console Copy

   $ ssh linuxuser@Vultr-Server-IP
   

3. List all attached devices and verify that the Vultr Block Storage volume is available.

   console Copy

   $ lsblk
   

   Your output should be similar to the one below.

   NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
   loop0    7:0    0   87M  1 loop /snap/lxd/29351
   loop1    7:1    0 38.8M  1 loop /snap/snapd/21759
   loop2    7:2    0 63.9M  1 loop /snap/core20/2318
   loop3    7:3    0 63.7M  1 loop /snap/core20/2434
   loop4    7:4    0 89.4M  1 loop /snap/lxd/31333
   sr0     11:0    1 1024M  0 rom  
   vda    252:0    0   25G  0 disk 
   ├─vda1 252:1    0  512M  0 part /boot/efi
   └─vda2 252:2    0 24.5G  0 part /
   vdb    252:16   0   40G  0 disk 

   /dev/vdb is the Vultr Block Storage volume name, and its 40GB in size based on the above output. Vultr Block Storage volumes use the vd naming scheme, and the disk value increments when additional volumes are attached. For example, vdb, vdc, vdd, and vde based on the number of attached volumes.

4. Format the /dev/vdb block storage volume with the source's filesystem, such as ext4.

   console Copy

   $ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb
   

5. Create a new /mnt/destination directory to mount the Vultr Block Storage volume.

   console Copy

   $ sudo mkdir /mnt/destination
   

6. Mount the /dev/vdb volume to the /mnt/destination mount directory.

   console Copy

   $ sudo mount /dev/vdb /mnt/destination
   

7. Grant your active sudo user ownership privileges to the /mnt/destination directory. Replace linuxuser with your actual user.

   console Copy

   $ sudo chown -R linuxuser:linuxuser /mnt/destination
   

8. View the disk usage information and verify that the volume is mounted.

   console Copy

   $ df -h
   

   Your output should be similar to the one below.

   Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
   tmpfs            96M  2.4M   93M   3% /run
   /dev/vda2        23G  6.6G   16G  30% /
   tmpfs           476M     0  476M   0% /dev/shm
   tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
   /dev/vda1       511M  6.1M  505M   2% /boot/efi
   tmpfs            96M  4.0K   96M   1% /run/user/0
   /dev/vdb         40G   24K   38G   1% /mnt/destination

   The /dev/vdb Vultr Block Storage volume is mounted to the /mnt/destination directory based on the above output.

   Note

   If the source DigitalOcean Block Storage volume has multiple partitions, partition your destination Vultr Block Storage volume with the same filesystem format and a similar or larger size.

Migrate the DigitalOcean Block Storage Volume to Vultr Block Storage

There are multiple methods you can use to copy and migrate data from a source volume to the destination volume. Rsync also knows a remote sync is a file synchronization tool used to transfer files from one location to another and ensure that the source matches the destination. Follow the steps below to use Rsync to transfer data from your source block storage volume to the destination Vultr Block Storage volume.

1. Access your Droplet using SSH.

   console Copy

   $ ssh user@Droplet-IP
   

2. Install Rsync if it's not installed on the source Droplet and the destination Vultr Cloud Compute instance.

   console Copy

   $ sudo apt install rsync -y
   

3. Transfer files from the source DigitalOcean Block Storage volume's /mnt/source/ mount directory to your destination Vultr Block Storage's mount directory. Enter your destination instance's password when prompted.

   console Copy

   $ rsync -avz --progress /mnt/source/ linuxuser@Vultr-Server-IP:/mnt/destination/
   

   Monitor the transfer process to ensure that it's successful and all files are transferred to the destination directory without errors similar to the following output.

   sending incremental file list
   ./
   ...................
   
   sent 182,112,461 bytes  received 114 bytes  21,425,008.82 bytes/sec
   total size is 185,915,222  speedup is 1.02

   The above Rsync command transfers all files from the /mnt/source/ directory to the destination /mnt/destination/ directory on your Vultr Cloud Compute instance. Within the command:

   • -a: Preserves all file permissions, timestamps, and symbolic links.
   • -v: Displays the command progress and active transfer operations.
   • -z: Compresses all data during the transfer.
   • --progress: Displays the transfer progress of each file.
   Note

   Repeat the above file transfer process for all block storage volume partitions attached to your source Droplet.

Test the Vultr Block Storage Volume

Verifying the integrity of transferred files is essential to ensure that the migration process is successful and files are not corrupted during transfer. Follow the steps below to perform a file integrity check and verify that the Vultr Block Storage volume contents match the source DigitalOcean Block Storage volume.

1. Generate checksums on the source volume's /mnt/source mount directory.

   console Copy

   $ sudo find /mnt/source -type f -exec md5sum {} \; > source-checksums.txt
   

   The above command creates a source-checksums.txt file that contains the MD5 checksums and paths for all files in the /mnt/source directory.

2. Generate checksums on the destination Vultr Block Storage volume's /mnt/destination mount directory.

   console Copy

   $ find /mnt/destination -type f -exec md5sum {} \; > destination-checksums.txt
   

   The above command creates a destination-checksums.txt file that contains the checksums and paths for all files in the /mnt/destination mount directory.

3. Copy the source-checksums.txt file to the Vultr Cloud Compute instance using SFTP.

   console Copy

   $ sftp linuxuser@Vultr-server-ip:/mnt/destination <<< $'put source-checksums.txt'
   

4. Compare the destination-checksums.txt and the source-checksums.txt using diff to verify that the checksums for both files match.

   console Copy

   $ diff -y --suppress-common-lines /mnt/destination/source-checksums.txt destination-checksums.txt
   

   Your output should be similar to the one below.

   3cab3c1037dd9200eb259f03eb497474  /mnt/source/hosts	      |	3cab3c1037dd9200eb259f03eb497474  /mnt/destination/hosts
   e57fd77c50de7b8a8eec19de0ec3f4f3  /mnt/source/crontab	      |	e57fd77c50de7b8a8eec19de0ec3f4f3  /mnt/destination/crontab
   c22a55a143c56ab59eca28432646f23f  /mnt/source/fstab	      |	c22a55a143c56ab59eca28432646f23f  /mnt/destination/etc.tar.gz
   af14ad56c113a639b618fa4c729cf025  /mnt/source/lib.tar.gz      |	af14ad56c113a639b618fa4c729cf025  /mnt/destination/lib.tar.gz
   6d6e28e8185af4aa29daa230d32846f5  /mnt/source/etc.tar.gz      |	6d6e28e8185af4aa29daa230d32846f5  /mnt/destination/fstab

   The checksums for the source DigitalOcean Block Storage volume match the destination Vultr Block Storage volume with similar files in both directories based on the above output. When the checksums are different, transfer the files again and verify that the files are not corrupted during the transfer.

Cutover to Vultr Block Storage

Cutting over to Vultr Block Storage after migrating your existing DigitalOcean Block Storage volume allows you to transfer your applications and services. Follow the recommendations below when the migration is successful and cut over your applications or services to Vultr Block Storage.

1. Login to your domain registrar and modify your DNS records to point to the destination Vultr Cloud Compute instance's public IP address.
2. Detach and destroy your source DigitalOcean Block Storage volume if all files are available in your destination Vultr Block Storage volume.
3. Migrate all applications and services to the destination Vultr Block Storage volume to cut over traffic.

Conclusion

You have migrated DigitalOcean Block Storage volumes to Vultr Block Storage. You can resize the destination Vultr Block Storage volume and cut over all applications to use the new volume. For more information and volume options, visit the Vultr Block Storage product documentation.