Install Apache Maven on Ubuntu 18.04

##Introduction

Apache Maven is a free and open source project management tool used for Java projects. You can easily manage a project's build, reporting, and documentation from a central piece of information using Apache Maven. Apache Maven provides a complete framework to automate the project's build infrastructure.

In this tutorial, you will learn how to install Apache Maven on Ubuntu 18.04.

Prerequisites

• A newly deployed Vultr Ubuntu 18.04 server.
• A non-root user with sudo privileges created on your server.

Update your server

First, update your system to the latest stable version:

sudo apt-get update -y
sudo apt-get upgrade -y

Install Java

Maven 3.3 or greater requires JDK 1.7 or above to be installed. We will install OpenJDK, which is the default Java development and runtime in Ubuntu 18.04.

Install OpenJDK:

sudo apt-get install -y default-jdk

Verify the Java version:

java -version

The output will be similar to the following:

openjdk version "10.0.2" 2018-07-17
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 10.0.2+13-Ubuntu-1ubuntu0.18.04.3)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 10.0.2+13-Ubuntu-1ubuntu0.18.04.3, mixed mode)

Install Apache Maven

First, change your working directory to the /opt/ directory:

cd /opt/

You can download the latest stable version of Apache Maven from the official website:

sudo wget https://www-us.apache.org/dist/maven/maven-3/3.6.0/binaries/apache-maven-3.6.0-bin.tar.gz

Once the download has completed, extract the downloaded archive:

sudo tar -xvzf apache-maven-3.6.0-bin.tar.gz

Next, rename the extracted directory:

sudo mv apache-maven-3.6.0 maven 

Setup environment variables

Next, you will need to setup the environment variables such as M2_HOME, JAVA_HOME and PATH. You can do this by creating a mavenenv.sh file inside of the /etc/profile.d/ directory:

sudo vi /etc/profile.d/mavenenv.sh

Add the following lines:

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/default-java
export M2_HOME=/opt/maven
export PATH=${M2_HOME}/bin:${PATH}

Save and close the file, and make it executable:

sudo chmod +x /etc/profile.d/mavenenv.sh

Now you can load the environment variables:

source /etc/profile.d/mavenenv.sh

Verify installation

Once everything has been successfully configured, check the version of Apache Maven:

mvn --version

You will see a similar output to the following:

Apache Maven 3.6.0 (97c98ec64a1fdfee7767ce5ffb20918da4f719f3; 2018-10-24T18:41:47Z)
Maven home: /opt/maven
Java version: 10.0.2, vendor: Oracle Corporation, runtime: /usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64
Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "linux", version: "4.15.0-36-generic", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"

Congratulations, you have successfully installed Apache Maven on your Ubuntu 18.04 server. To get started using Maven, visit the official Apache Maven documentation.